First-time simple possession of a Schedule I or II controlled substance like heroin, cocaine, or fentanyl in Rhode Island carries up to 3 years in prison and a fine up to $5,000 under R.I. Gen. Laws § 21-28-4.01. Most first-time possession defendants without prior records avoid maximum penalties and receive probation, fines, mandatory drug education, and possible diversion. Possession of small amounts of marijuana for personal use is decriminalized. Possession with intent to deliver or trafficking charges carry significantly higher maximums and may include mandatory minimum sentences depending on weight and substance type.
